Table 2 Representative lncRNAs involved in cardiovascular inflammation
From: Exosomal non-coding RNAs: key regulators of inflammation-related cardiovascular disorders
lncRNA | Mechanism of action | Target/interaction | Implication in CVD |
|---|---|---|---|
lincRNA-p21 | Represses NF-κB signaling, modulated by MTX and p53 | hnRNP-K, DNA-PKcs | Rheumatoid arthritis-related inflammation |
H19 | Upregulated in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines | IL-1β, TNF-α, PDGF-BB | RA inflammation, possible cardiovascular links |
lincRNA-Cox2 | Dual role in promoting/repressing inflammatory genes | MyD88/NF-κB, Mi-2/NuRD | Atherosclerosis, acute inflammation |
MIAT | Functions as ceRNA for miRNAs, regulates immune responses | miR-149-5p, CD47, miR-24, TGF-β1 | Coronary artery disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy |
MALAT1 | Promotes M2 macrophage polarization, inhibits DC maturation | miR-155, STAT3, DC maturation pathways | Atherosclerosis |
GAS5 | Promotes EC apoptosis via exosomal transfer | Notch1, CDK6 | Endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis |