Fig. 4
AOAA Affects Calcium Influx, Mitochondrial Damage, and ATPase Activity. a, d Quantitative detection of intracellular calcium levels in neuronal cells using a kit (green: mitochondria; red: mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU)). b, e JC-1 staining to detect changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. (n = 3, Scale bar = 50 μm. c TEM observation of mitochondrial morphological changes in neurons across different groups (n = 3). f Results of ATPase activity. *(Con: Control group; Model: Chronic alcoholism model group; Con + AOAA: AOAA negative control group; Model + AOAA: Chronic alcoholism model + AOAA treatment group; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, **P < 0.001)