Fig. 4

Clustering and annotation of single-cell RNA sequencing data in GSE135337. A t-SNE and UMAP plots displaying merged cells from bladder cancer tissues and normal bladder tissues, with 11 cell types identified using specific cell markers. B Bubble plot illustrating marker genes expressed in the 11 identified cell types. C Number of interactions and interaction weights/strength among 11 cell subtypes within the tumor microenvironment. D Bubble plot highlighting the essential incoming and outgoing signaling patterns of the 11 cell subpopulations. E Sankey diagram depicting the multiple communication pathways between different cell types