Table 2 Applications of omental transplantation in different malignancies

Gastric Cancer

Hirofumi et al. (2015) [54]

Omental transplantation can improve survival rates in gastric cancer patients

Colorectal Cancer

Hultman et al. (2010) [59]

Omental flaps can be used in reconstructing complex perineal defects after abdominoperineal resection or pelvic exenteration for anorectal malignancy, which significantly reduces postoperative complications

Qin et al. (2021) [60]

Mesorectal reconstruction with a greater omental pedicle flap after total mesorectal excision for low rectal cancer patients greatly reduced low anterior resection syndrome and improved postoperative anal and rectal function, restoring patients’ quality of life

Liao et al. (2023) [10]

Greater omental transplantationcan facilitate faster and better recovery for low anterior resection syndrome

Breast Cancer

Williams et al. (1989) [62]

Patients with breast cancer treated with omental transposition can achieve worthwhile local control and symptom relief

Li et al. (2017) [63]

Immediate breast reconstruction using omental flaps in reduced satisfactory cosmetic outcomes and minimal complications

Nguyen et al. (2022) [64]

The novel technique using omental fat-augmented free flap for breast reconstruction resulted in stable breast volume and no postoperative complications

Esophageal Cancer

Shrager et al. (2003) [65]

The use of omental transposition in esophageal reconstruction can achieve rare complications

Sepesi et al. (2012) [66]

Utilization of -omental free flap significantly reduced the anastomotic leak rate from 10.5% to 4.7%

Ye et al. (2016) [67]

Mediastinal transposition of the omentum decreased postoperative intrathoracic infection rates and associated pharmacy costs for Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy

Head and Neck Cancer

Chahine et al. (2009) [69]

The gastro-omental free flap is characterised by multiple survival advantages that favour its use in the presence of inhospitable recipient site conditions

Craig et al. (2017) [70]

Laparoscopic harvest of the gastro-omental free flap can negate some of the risks associated with open surgery

Komanduri et al. (2021) [71]

Gastro-omental flap has the potential to provide mucosal cover, variable bulk from omen tum, soft and pliable tissue that can mould to the defect con tour and can retain mucus secretion even after radiation to facilitate oral lubrication

Cervical Cancer

Kusiak et al. (1996) [72]

Omental cylinder flap lined with a split-thickness skin graft for neovaginal reconstruction achieved viability without complications and retaining sexual function in 80% of patients

Patsner et al. (1997) [73]

Patients who received an omental J-flap after radical abdominal hysterectomy had no complications even with postoperative radiation therapy

Naruducci et al. (2003) [74]

Omental flap can be wused in repairing vaginal cuff dehiscence with bowel evisceration effectively via combined laparoscopic and vaginal approach