Fig. 2

Silencing OPN3 in LUAD cells markedly inhibited their proliferation, migratory, and invasive behaviors. a and b Transfection efficiency was validated using qPCR assays and western blot analysis, ***P < 0.001; means + SD. c The CCK8 assay was utilized to evaluate the proliferation of H1437 and siOPN3-H1437 cells following transfection with siOPN3. d and e Post-OPN3 knockdown, colony formation was assessed in H1437 and siOPN3-H1437 cells, *P < 0.05; means + SD. f and g The TUNEL assay was conducted, and three photographs representing different cellular fields are shown, **P < 0.01; means + SD. h and i The percentage of apoptotic H1437 and siOPN3-H1437 cells at specified time points in suspension was determined by dual staining with annexin V-FITC and PI, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; means + SD. EA: Early apoptotic cells; LA: Late apoptotic cells; TA: Total apoptotic cells. j and k Wound-healing assays were performed to measure the migration of H1437 cells after OPN3 knockdown, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001; means + SD. l and m A Transwell assay was employed to determine the impact of OPN3 knockdown on the migration and invasion of H1437 cells, ***P < 0.001; means + SD