Fig. 2

Differences in cortical thickness of seven brain regions among HCs, CI, and ANI groups. Bar graphs presented the cortical thickness values. Compared with HCs, ANI and CI showed significant thinning in the cortical thickness of bilateral PeriCS & pMCC, left SFG, OG & SG, and right ParaCLS (with cluster-defining P < 0.001, FWE corrected P < 0.05). Although ANI and CI did not differ significantly in the above brain regions, ANI showed a tendency to lower cortical thickness. On the contrary, the cortical thickness of left CSI showed a gradual enlargement in the following order: HCs, CI, and ANI, (with cluster-defining P < 0.05, FWE corrected P < 0.05). HCs healthy controls, ANI PLWH with asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, CI PLWH with cognitive integrity, L left, R right, PeriCS pericallosal sulcus, pMCC middle-posterior part of the cingulate gyrus and sulcus, SFG superior frontal gyrus, OG orbital gyri, SG straight gyrus, ParaCLS paracentral lobule and sulcus, CSI circular sulcus of insula. ^*P < 0.05; ^**P < 0.01; ^***P < 0.001