Fig. 1

Brain maps for cortical thickness differences of vertex-wise analyses from medial, lateral, and cranial views. A F-test revealed clusters of significant differences mainly located in the bilateral PeriCS & pMCC, the left SFG, OG & SG, and the right ParaCLS; B In comparison with HCs, cortical thickness was reduced mainly in the bilateral PeriCS & pMCC, left SFG, OG & SG, and the right ParaCLS of ANI patients; C CI group showed significantly smaller cortical thickness in the bilateral PeriCS & pMCC, left SFG, OG & SG; D Compared with CI, ANI showed significantly larger cortical thickness in the left CSI (P < 0.05, FWE corrected). The color bar represented t values. LH left hemisphere, RH right hemisphere, ANI PLWH with asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, CI PLWH with cognitive integrity, HCs healthy controls, PeriCS pericallosal sulcus, pMCC middle-posterior part of the cingulate gyrus and sulcus, SFG superior frontal gyrus, OG orbital gyri, SG straight gyrus, ParaCLS paracentral lobule and sulcus, CSI circular sulcus of insula