Figure2

The pathogenesis hypothesis of IMP. High venous pressure injury: chronic diseases lead to increased venous blood pressure and abnormal shear stress, resulting in venous injury. Toxicity mechanism: Geniposide is metabolized to genipin and is absorbed into the mesenteric veins, causing intimal hyperplasia and thickening and fibrosis of the venous wall, resulting in “mummification” changes. Genipin can act directly on the intestinal wall and also lead to formation of blue color, staining the vein and intestinal wall during absorption. Both high venous pressure and toxic substances can lead to calcification and obstruction of the veins, subsequently cause damage to the intestinal wall, forming erosions /ulcers and fibrosis of intestinal wall. By Figdraw