Adjuvant PD-1 inhibitors improve recurrence and survival outcomes in high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative hepatectomy

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of RFS after PSM

Variable	Univariate			Multivariate
Variable	HR	95%CI	p	HR	95%CI	p
Sex (female vs male)	1.08	0.49–2.40	0.843
Age (years, ≥ 60 vs < 60)	0.59	0.32–1.09	0.091
ALT (U/L, ≥ 40 vs < 40)	1.22	0.64–2.32	0.543
AST (U/L, ≥ 40 vs < 40)	1.53	0.86–2.75	0.149
ALBI grade (2/3 vs 1)	0.91	0.45–1.86	0.800
AFP (ng/mL, ≥ 400 vs < 400)	1.69	0.98–2.92	0.058
DCP (mAU/mL, ≥ 40 vs < 40)	1.35	0.73–2.52	0.341
Viral infection (yes vs no)	1.59	0.63–3.99	0.322
Cirrhosis (yes vs no)	1.36	0.80–2.33	0.260
Tumor size (cm, > 5 vs ≤ 5)	1.33	0.74–2.38	0.341
Tumor number (multiple vs single)	1.09	0.57–2.06	0.799
Edmondson–Steiner grade (I/II vs III/IV)	0.98	0.58–1.66	0.936
MVI (yes vs no)	1.42	0.81–2.50	0.218
Macrovascular invasion (yes vs no)	2.13	1.21–3.75	0.009	3.17	1.73–5.84	< 0.001
Capsular invasion (yes vs no)	0.9	0.49–1.65	0.072
Satellite nodules (yes vs no)	1.32	0.76–2.27	0.324
PD-1 inhibitors (yes vs no)	0.27	0.15–0.49	< 0.001	0.15	0.08–0.29	< 0.001
TACE (yes vs no)	0.34	0.18–0.66	0.002	0.23	0.12–0.46	< 0.001

RFS recurrence-free survival, PSM propensity score matching, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALBI albumin–bilirubin, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, DCP des-γ-carboxy prothrombin, MVI microvascular invasion, PD-1 programmed cell death protein-1, TACE transarterial chemoembolization

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