Fig. 2
From: Predicting diabetic retinopathy based on routine laboratory tests by machine learning algorithms
Data distribution characteristics and correlation of variables in T2DM patients of non-DR and DR groups from the model construction data set. A Violin plots were employed to visualize the data distribution of the non-DR (blue area) and DR (yellow area) groups. The width of the plot indicates data density, with broader sections signifying higher density. The shape of the plot reveals the data distribution, offering insights into its spread and concentration. B Butterfly chart was used to display the normalized median values of different indicators for the non-DR (blue area) and DR (yellow area) groups. C Correlation between the variables was analyzed by a heatmap. Abbreviations as in Tables 1–4