Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the survival and non-survival groups based on 365-day mortality
|  | Total (n = 850) | Survival (n = 672) | Non-survival (n = 178) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 59.61 ± 17.54 | 57.29 ± 17.23 | 68.35 ± 15.94 |  < 0.001 |
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.282 |
 Female | 352 (41.41) | 272 (40.48) | 80 (44.94) |  |
 Male | 498 (58.59) | 400 (59.52) | 98 (55.06) |  |
Weight, kg | 86.08 ± 24.01 | 86.89 ± 24.82 | 83.01 ± 20.44 | 0.032 |
WBC, K/µL | 13.83 ± 8.09 | 13.43 ± 7.57 | 15.34 ± 9.67 | 0.015 |
RBC, m/µL | 3.71 ± 0.81 | 3.76 ± 0.79 | 3.56 ± 0.87 | 0.004 |
Platelet, K/µL | 211.59 ± 127.27 | 213.78 ± 124.90 | 203.34 ± 135.91 | 0.331 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.32 ± 2.37 | 11.46 ± 2.33 | 10.78 ± 2.45 |  < 0.001 |
RDW, % | 14.95 ± 1.94 | 14.67 ± 1.70 | 15.99 ± 2.39 |  < 0.001 |
Sodium, mmol/L | 138.24 ± 5.58 | 138.06 ± 5.29 | 138.88 ± 6.53 | 0.124 |
Potassium, mmol/L | 4.12 ± 0.82 | 4.07 ± 0.77 | 4.29 ± 0.96 | 0.006 |
Calcium, mg/dL | 7.88 ± 1.06 | 7.89 ± 1.03 | 7.83 ± 1.19 | 0.490 |
Chloride, mmol/L | 104.26 ± 6.88 | 104.12 ± 6.58 | 104.78 ± 7.90 | 0.313 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 152.65 ± 108.73 | 152.11 ± 111.66 | 154.70 ± 97.13 | 0.777 |
Anion gap, mmol/L | 16.08 ± 5.21 | 15.62 ± 4.92 | 17.82 ± 5.88 |  < 0.001 |
PT, sec | 16.56 ± 9.58 | 16.25 ± 10.12 | 17.72 ± 7.08 | 0.068 |
PTT, sec | 34.71 ± 15.98 | 33.45 ± 14.50 | 39.50 ± 19.97 |  < 0.001 |
ALT, u/dL | 224.71 ± 797.05 | 227.48 ± 863.79 | 214.23 ± 467.48 | 0.844 |
AST, u/dL | 364.55 ± 1488.38 | 331.47 ± 1392.31 | 489.42 ± 1804.75 | 0.208 |
BUN, mg/dL | 26.88 ± 24.43 | 23.44 ± 21.50 | 39.85 ± 29.93 |  < 0.001 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.62 ± 1.79 | 1.50 ± 1.72 | 2.10 ± 1.96 |  < 0.001 |
BUN/Cr ratio | 18.86 ± 10.51 | 17.91 ± 9.84 | 22.46 ± 12.08 |  < 0.001 |
SOFA score | 5.63 ± 4.16 | 5.01 ± 3.82 | 7.98 ± 4.54 |  < 0.001 |
APS III score | 51.02 ± 24.35 | 46.77 ± 21.88 | 67.08 ± 26.47 |  < 0.001 |
SAPS II score | 35.82 ± 16.17 | 32.65 ± 14.59 | 47.80 ± 16.26 |  < 0.001 |
Heart rate, beats/minute | 98.50 ± 21.98 | 98.78 ± 22.12 | 97.46 ± 21.47 | 0.476 |
Respiratory rate, breath/minute | 21.09 ± 6.78 | 21.04 ± 6.81 | 21.29 ± 6.66 | 0.657 |
AKI, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 No | 287 (33.76) | 252 (37.50) | 35 (19.66) |  |
 Yes | 563 (66.24) | 420 (62.50) | 143 (80.34) |  |
Hypertension, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.003 |
 No | 446 (52.47) | 335 (49.85) | 111 (62.36) |  |
 Yes | 404 (47.53) | 337 (50.15) | 67 (37.64) |  |
Type 2 DM, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.728 |
 No | 620 (72.94) | 492 (73.21) | 128 (71.91) |  |
 Yes | 230 (27.06) | 180 (26.79) | 50 (28.09) |  |
Heart failure, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.084 |
 No | 714 (84.00) | 572 (85.12) | 142 (79.78) |  |
 Yes | 136 (16.00) | 100 (14.88) | 36 (20.22) |  |
Myocardial infarction, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.130 |
 No | 826 (97.18) | 656 (97.62) | 170 (95.51) |  |
 Yes | 24 (2.82) | 16 (2.38) | 8 (4.49) |  |
Malignant tumors, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.003 |
 No | 774 (91.06) | 622 (92.56) | 152 (85.39) |  |
 Yes | 76 (8.94) | 50 (7.44) | 26 (14.61) |  |
Stroke, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.233 |
 No | 795 (93.53) | 632 (94.05) | 163 (91.57) |  |
 Yes | 55 (6.47) | 40 (5.95) | 15 (8.43) |  |
Obese, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 |
 No | 747 (87.88) | 580 (86.31) | 167 (93.82) |  |
 Yes | 103 (12.12) | 92 (13.69) | 11 (6.18) |  |
Respiratory failure, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 No | 533 (62.71) | 448 (66.67) | 85 (47.75) |  |
 Yes | 317 (37.29) | 224 (33.33) | 93 (52.25) |  |
Sepsis, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 No | 323 (38.00) | 284 (42.26) | 39 (21.91) |  |
 Yes | 527 (62.00) | 388 (57.74) | 139 (78.09) |  |
CRRT, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 No | 762 (89.65) | 632 (94.05) | 130 (73.03) |  |
 Yes | 88 (10.35) | 40 (5.95) | 48 (26.97) |  |
Beta-blocker, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.380 |
 No | 426 (50.12) | 342 (50.89) | 84 (47.19) |  |
 Yes | 424 (49.88) | 330 (49.11) | 94 (52.81) |  |
Metformin, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.229 |
 No | 827 (97.29) | 651 (96.88) | 176 (98.88) |  |
 Yes | 23 (2.71) | 21 (3.12) | 2 (1.12) |  |
Octreotide, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.006 |
 No | 782 (92.00) | 627 (93.30) | 155 (87.08) |  |
 Yes | 68 (8.00) | 45 (6.70) | 23 (12.92) |  |
Statin, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.314 |
 No | 782 (92.00) | 615 (91.52) | 167 (93.82) |  |
 Yes | 68 (8.00) | 57 (8.48) | 11 (6.18) |  |
Vasopressin, n (%) |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
 No | 713 (83.88) | 611 (90.92) | 102 (57.30) |  |
 Yes | 137 (16.12) | 61 (9.08) | 76 (42.70) |  |
Ventilation, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.117 |
 No | 200 (23.53) | 166 (24.70) | 34 (19.10) |  |
 Yes | 650 (76.47) | 506 (75.30) | 144 (80.90) |  |