Table 3 Baseline characteristics of the study population according to the METS-IR quartiles
Characteristics | Overall (n = 28,437) | Q1 (n = 7111) | Q2 (n = 7105) | Q3 (n = 7117) | Q4 (n = 7104) | P valuea | Post hocb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
METS-IR | 33.22 ± 7.10 |  ≤ 27.84 | 27.85–32.67 | 32.68–37.92 |  ≥ 37.93 |  |  |
Age (years) | 47.6 ± 10.7 | 42.4 ± 8.2 | 47.1 ± 10.0 | 49.9 ± 10.6 | 50.9 ± 11.6 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.6 ± 3.9 | 18.0 ± 2.2 | 21.5 ± 1.7 | 23.8 ± 1.7 | 27.0 ± 2.5 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Male sex (%) | 51.1 | 38.5 | 41.8 | 59.9 | 64.2 |  < 0.001 | – |
Current smoker (%) | 22.8 | 21.0 | 19.2 | 25.9 | 25.0 |  < 0.001 | – |
Alcohol drinking (%) | 34.5 | 42.4 | 32.2 | 31.5 | 31.7 |  < 0.001 | – |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121.9 ± 16.8 | 113.6 ± 15.0 | 119.0 ± 15.9 | 124.7 ± 15.4 | 130.5 ± 15.9 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.4 ± 10.9 | 73.8 ± 11.2 | 75.3 ± 10.6 | 78.6 ± 10.1 | 81.9 ± 9.9 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 92.2 ± 12.3 | 87.0 ± 11.7 | 89.8 ± 11.8 | 94.0 ± 11.3 | 98.1 ± 11.3 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 94.0 ± 20.5 | 88.3 ± 14.1 | 91.4 ± 17.7 | 95.0 ± 19.2 | 101.2 ± 26.6 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 192.1 ± 35.2 | 188.5 ± 34.0 | 188.3 ± 34.1 | 193.0 ± 35.0 | 198.5 ± 36.9 |  < 0.001 | b,c,d,e,f |
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 133.8 ± 97.0 | 99.5 ± 63.9 | 107.7 ± 73.7 | 132.0 ± 75.5 | 196.1 ± 129.2 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 52.1 ± 12.6 | 59.4 ± 14.0 | 55.6 ± 11.5 | 49.7 ± 9.5 | 43.5 ± 8.5 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 1.1 ± 3.4 | 0.5 ± 1.9 | 0.9 ± 3.0 | 1.3 ± 4.1 | 1.6 ± 4.1 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 86.8 ± 17.4 | 91.7 ± 19.0 | 87.4 ± 17.1 | 84.8 ± 16.1 | 83.4 ± 15.9 |  < 0.001 | a,b,c,d,e,f |
Hypertension medication (%) | 11.0 | 4.0 | 7.8 | 13.2 | 19.1 |  < 0.001 | – |
Diabetes medication (%) | 11.4 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 11.7 | 15.8 |  < 0.001 | – |
Dyslipidemia medication (%) | 2.3 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 2.8 | 4.2 |  < 0.001 | – |