Fig. 6

Diagram illustrating the suggested source, discharge, content, and load of exosome-like vesicles in response to physical exertion. After undergoing multiple training sessions or a single occurrence of physical activity, EVs may be released from individual muscles or other cell clusters and enter the general circulation of the body. Modifications in the number of exosomes found in the bloodstream, coupled with the presence and abundance of specific markers (such as ALIX, TSG101, tetraspanins, flotillin, and heat shock proteins), as well as their contents (such as miRNA and 'myomiR'), have been observed as a result of physical activity